EffectInterfaces/ShadowCascadeEffect.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+using Microsoft.Xna.Framework;
+
+namespace Kav
+{
+    public interface ShadowCascadeEffect
+    {
+        Matrix LightSpaceMatrixOne { get; set; }
+        Matrix LightSpaceMatrixTwo { get; set; }
+        Matrix LightSpaceMatrixThree { get; set; }
+        Matrix LightSpaceMatrixFour { get; set; }
+
+        float[] CascadeFarPlanes { get; }
+    }
+}

Effects/DeferredPBR_AmbientLightEffect.cs

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+using Microsoft.Xna.Framework;
 using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics;
 
 namespace Kav
@@ -8,9 +9,13 @@ namespace Kav
         EffectParameter gPositionParam;
         EffectParameter gAlbedoParam;
 
+        EffectParameter ambientColorParam;
+
         public Texture2D GPosition { get; set; }
         public Texture2D GAlbedo { get; set; }
 
+        public Vector3 AmbientColor { get; set; }
+
         public DeferredPBR_AmbientLightEffect(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice) : base(graphicsDevice, Resources.DeferredPBR_AmbientLightEffect)
         {
             CacheEffectParameters();
@@ -20,12 +25,14 @@ namespace Kav
         {
             gPositionParam.SetValue(GPosition);
             gAlbedoParam.SetValue(GAlbedo);
+            ambientColorParam.SetValue(AmbientColor);
         }
 
         void CacheEffectParameters()
         {
-            gPositionParam                 = Parameters["gPosition"];
+            gPositionParam    = Parameters["gPosition"];
-            gAlbedoParam                   = Parameters["gAlbedo"];
+            gAlbedoParam      = Parameters["gAlbedo"];
+            ambientColorParam = Parameters["AmbientLightColor"];
         }
     }
 }

Effects/DeferredPBR_DirectionalLightEffect.cs

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics;
 
 namespace Kav
 {
-    public class DeferredPBR_DirectionalLightEffect : Effect
+    public class DeferredPBR_DirectionalLightEffect : Effect, ShadowCascadeEffect
     {
         EffectParameter gPositionParam;
         EffectParameter gAlbedoParam;
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ namespace Kav
         public Vector3 DirectionalLightDirection { get; set; }
         public Vector3 DirectionalLightColor { get; set; }
 
-        public readonly float[] CascadeFarPlanes;
+        public float[] CascadeFarPlanes { get; }
 
         public int ShadowMapSize { get; set; }
 
@@ -147,7 +147,6 @@ namespace Kav
             directionalLightColorParam     = Parameters["DirectionalLightColor"];
 
             cascadeFarPlanesParam          = Parameters["CascadeFarPlanes"];
-
             shadowMapSizeParam             = Parameters["ShadowMapSize"];
 
             lightSpaceMatrixOneParam       = Parameters["LightSpaceMatrixOne"];

Effects/DeferredPBR_PointLightEffect.cs

@@ -9,22 +9,28 @@ namespace Kav
         EffectParameter gAlbedoParam;
         EffectParameter gNormalParam;
         EffectParameter gMetallicRoughnessParam;
+        EffectParameter shadowMapParam;
 
         EffectParameter eyePositionParam;
 
         EffectParameter pointLightColorParam;
         EffectParameter pointLightPositionParam;
 
+        EffectParameter farPlaneParam;
+
         public Texture2D GPosition { get; set; }
         public Texture2D GAlbedo { get; set; }
         public Texture2D GNormal { get; set; }
         public Texture2D GMetallicRoughness { get; set; }
+        public TextureCube ShadowMap { get; set; }
 
         public Vector3 EyePosition { get; set; }
 
         public Vector3 PointLightPosition { get; set; }
         public Vector3 PointLightColor { get; set; }
 
+        public float FarPlane { get; set; }
+
         public DeferredPBR_PointLightEffect(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice) : base(graphicsDevice, Resources.DeferredPBR_PointLightEffect)
         {
             CacheEffectParameters();
@@ -32,15 +38,20 @@ namespace Kav
 
         public DeferredPBR_PointLightEffect(DeferredPBR_PointLightEffect cloneSource) : base(cloneSource)
         {
+            CacheEffectParameters();
+            
             GPosition = cloneSource.GPosition;
             GAlbedo = cloneSource.GAlbedo;
             GNormal = cloneSource.GNormal;
             GMetallicRoughness = cloneSource.GMetallicRoughness;
+            ShadowMap = cloneSource.ShadowMap;
 
             EyePosition = cloneSource.EyePosition;
 
             PointLightPosition = cloneSource.PointLightPosition;
             PointLightColor = cloneSource.PointLightColor;
+
+            FarPlane = cloneSource.FarPlane;
         }
 
         public override Effect Clone()
@@ -54,11 +65,14 @@ namespace Kav
             gAlbedoParam.SetValue(GAlbedo);
             gNormalParam.SetValue(GNormal);
             gMetallicRoughnessParam.SetValue(GMetallicRoughness);
+            shadowMapParam.SetValue(ShadowMap);
 
             eyePositionParam.SetValue(EyePosition);
 
             pointLightPositionParam.SetValue(PointLightPosition);
             pointLightColorParam.SetValue(PointLightColor);
+
+            farPlaneParam.SetValue(FarPlane);
         }
 
         void CacheEffectParameters()
@@ -67,11 +81,14 @@ namespace Kav
             gAlbedoParam                   = Parameters["gAlbedo"];
             gNormalParam                   = Parameters["gNormal"];
             gMetallicRoughnessParam        = Parameters["gMetallicRoughness"];
+            shadowMapParam                 = Parameters["shadowMap"];
 
             eyePositionParam               = Parameters["EyePosition"];
 
             pointLightPositionParam        = Parameters["PointLightPosition"];
             pointLightColorParam           = Parameters["PointLightColor"];
+
+            farPlaneParam                  = Parameters["FarPlane"];
         }
     }
 }

Effects/Deferred_ToonEffect.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+using Microsoft.Xna.Framework;
+using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics;
+
+namespace Kav
+{
+    public class Deferred_ToonEffect : Effect, ShadowCascadeEffect
+    {
+        EffectParameter gPositionParam;
+        EffectParameter gAlbedoParam;
+        EffectParameter gNormalParam;
+        EffectParameter gMetallicRoughnessParam;
+
+        EffectParameter shadowMapOneParam;
+        EffectParameter shadowMapTwoParam;
+        EffectParameter shadowMapThreeParam;
+        EffectParameter shadowMapFourParam;
+
+        EffectParameter eyePositionParam;
+        EffectParameter directionalLightDirectionParam;
+        EffectParameter directionalLightColorParam;
+
+        EffectParameter cascadeFarPlanesParam;
+        EffectParameter shadowMapSizeParam;
+
+        EffectParameter lightSpaceMatrixOneParam;
+        EffectParameter lightSpaceMatrixTwoParam;
+        EffectParameter lightSpaceMatrixThreeParam;
+        EffectParameter lightSpaceMatrixFourParam;
+
+        EffectParameter viewMatrixParam;
+
+        EffectParameter shaderIndexParam;
+
+        public Texture2D GPosition { get; set; }
+        public Texture2D GAlbedo { get; set; }
+        public Texture2D GNormal { get; set; }
+        public Texture2D GMetallicRoughness { get; set; }
+
+        public Texture2D ShadowMapOne { get; set; }
+        public Texture2D ShadowMapTwo { get; set; }
+        public Texture2D ShadowMapThree { get; set; }
+        public Texture2D ShadowMapFour { get; set; }
+
+        public Vector3 EyePosition { get; set; }
+        public Vector3 DirectionalLightDirection { get; set; }
+        public Vector3 DirectionalLightColor { get; set; }
+
+        public float[] CascadeFarPlanes { get; }
+        public float ShadowMapSize { get; set; }
+
+        public Matrix LightSpaceMatrixOne { get; set; }
+        public Matrix LightSpaceMatrixTwo { get; set; }
+        public Matrix LightSpaceMatrixThree { get; set; }
+        public Matrix LightSpaceMatrixFour { get; set; }
+
+        public Matrix ViewMatrix { get; set; }
+
+        private bool ditheredShadowValue = false;
+        public bool DitheredShadows 
+        { 
+            get { return ditheredShadowValue; }
+            set 
+            {
+                ditheredShadowValue = value;
+                CalculateShaderIndex();
+            } 
+        }
+
+        private int shaderIndex = 0;
+
+        public Deferred_ToonEffect(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice) : base(graphicsDevice, Resources.Deferred_ToonEffect)
+        {
+            CascadeFarPlanes = new float[4];
+            CacheEffectParameters();   
+        }
+
+        protected override void OnApply()
+        {
+            gPositionParam.SetValue(GPosition);
+            gAlbedoParam.SetValue(GAlbedo);
+            gNormalParam.SetValue(GNormal);
+            gMetallicRoughnessParam.SetValue(GMetallicRoughness);
+
+            shadowMapOneParam.SetValue(ShadowMapOne);
+            shadowMapTwoParam.SetValue(ShadowMapTwo);
+            shadowMapThreeParam.SetValue(ShadowMapThree);
+            shadowMapFourParam.SetValue(ShadowMapFour);
+
+            eyePositionParam.SetValue(EyePosition);
+            directionalLightDirectionParam.SetValue(DirectionalLightDirection);
+            directionalLightColorParam.SetValue(DirectionalLightColor);
+
+            cascadeFarPlanesParam.SetValue(CascadeFarPlanes);
+            shadowMapSizeParam.SetValue(ShadowMapSize);
+
+            lightSpaceMatrixOneParam.SetValue(LightSpaceMatrixOne);
+            lightSpaceMatrixTwoParam.SetValue(LightSpaceMatrixTwo);
+            lightSpaceMatrixThreeParam.SetValue(LightSpaceMatrixThree);
+            lightSpaceMatrixFourParam.SetValue(LightSpaceMatrixFour);
+
+            viewMatrixParam.SetValue(ViewMatrix);
+
+            shaderIndexParam.SetValue(shaderIndex);
+        }
+
+        void CacheEffectParameters()
+        {
+            gPositionParam                 = Parameters["gPosition"];
+            gAlbedoParam                   = Parameters["gAlbedo"];
+            gNormalParam                   = Parameters["gNormal"];
+            gMetallicRoughnessParam        = Parameters["gMetallicRoughness"];
+
+            shadowMapOneParam              = Parameters["shadowMapOne"];
+            shadowMapTwoParam              = Parameters["shadowMapTwo"];
+            shadowMapThreeParam            = Parameters["shadowMapThree"];
+            shadowMapFourParam             = Parameters["shadowMapFour"];
+
+            eyePositionParam               = Parameters["EyePosition"];
+            directionalLightDirectionParam = Parameters["DirectionalLightDirection"];
+            directionalLightColorParam     = Parameters["DirectionalLightColor"];
+
+            cascadeFarPlanesParam          = Parameters["CascadeFarPlanes"];
+            shadowMapSizeParam             = Parameters["ShadowMapSize"];
+
+            lightSpaceMatrixOneParam       = Parameters["LightSpaceMatrixOne"];
+            lightSpaceMatrixTwoParam       = Parameters["LightSpaceMatrixTwo"];
+            lightSpaceMatrixThreeParam     = Parameters["LightSpaceMatrixThree"];
+            lightSpaceMatrixFourParam      = Parameters["LightSpaceMatrixFour"];
+
+            viewMatrixParam                = Parameters["ViewMatrix"];
+
+            shaderIndexParam               = Parameters["ShaderIndex"];
+        }
+
+        private void CalculateShaderIndex()
+        {
+            if (ditheredShadowValue)
+            {
+                shaderIndex = 1;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                shaderIndex = 0;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

Effects/HLSL/Conversion.fxh

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+float3 HUEtoRGB(in float H)
+{
+    float R = abs(H * 6 - 3) - 1;
+    float G = 2 - abs(H * 6 - 2);
+    float B = 2 - abs(H * 6 - 4);
+    return saturate(float3(R,G,B));
+}
+
+float Epsilon = 1e-10;
+
+float3 RGBtoHCV(in float3 RGB)
+{
+    // Based on work by Sam Hocevar and Emil Persson
+    float4 P = (RGB.g < RGB.b) ? float4(RGB.bg, -1.0, 2.0/3.0) : float4(RGB.gb, 0.0, -1.0/3.0);
+    float4 Q = (RGB.r < P.x) ? float4(P.xyw, RGB.r) : float4(RGB.r, P.yzx);
+    float C = Q.x - min(Q.w, Q.y);
+    float H = abs((Q.w - Q.y) / (6 * C + Epsilon) + Q.z);
+    return float3(H, C, Q.x);
+}
+
+float3 RGBtoHSL(float3 RGB)
+{
+    float3 HCV = RGBtoHCV(RGB);
+    float L = HCV.z - HCV.y * 0.5;
+    float S = HCV.y / (1 - abs(L * 2 - 1) + Epsilon);
+    return float3(HCV.x, S, L);
+}
+
+float3 HSLtoRGB(float3 HSL)
+{
+    float3 RGB = HUEtoRGB(HSL.x);
+    float C = (1 - abs(2 * HSL.z - 1)) * HSL.y;
+    return (RGB - 0.5) * C + HSL.z;
+}

Effects/HLSL/DeferredPBR_AmbientLightEffect.fx

@@ -3,6 +3,12 @@
 DECLARE_TEXTURE(gPosition, 0);
 DECLARE_TEXTURE(gAlbedo, 1);
 
+BEGIN_CONSTANTS
+
+float3 AmbientLightColor _ps(c0)   _cb(c0);
+
+END_CONSTANTS
+
 struct VertexInput
 {
     float4 Position : POSITION;
@@ -29,7 +35,7 @@ float4 ComputeColor(
     float3 worldPosition,
     float3 albedo
 ) {
-    float3 color = float3(0.03, 0.03, 0.03) * albedo;
+    float3 color = AmbientLightColor * albedo;
     return float4(color, 1.0);
 }
 

Effects/HLSL/DeferredPBR_DirectionalLightEffect.fx

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "Macros.fxh" //from FNA
 #include "Lighting.fxh"
+#include "Shadow.fxh"
 
 static const int NUM_SHADOW_CASCADES = 4;
 
@@ -35,26 +36,6 @@ MATRIX_CONSTANTS
 
 END_CONSTANTS
 
-static float2 poissonDisk[16] = 
-{
-   float2( -0.94201624, -0.39906216 ), 
-   float2( 0.94558609, -0.76890725 ), 
-   float2( -0.094184101, -0.92938870 ), 
-   float2( 0.34495938, 0.29387760 ), 
-   float2( -0.91588581, 0.45771432 ), 
-   float2( -0.81544232, -0.87912464 ), 
-   float2( -0.38277543, 0.27676845 ), 
-   float2( 0.97484398, 0.75648379 ), 
-   float2( 0.44323325, -0.97511554 ), 
-   float2( 0.53742981, -0.47373420 ), 
-   float2( -0.26496911, -0.41893023 ), 
-   float2( 0.79197514, 0.19090188 ), 
-   float2( -0.24188840, 0.99706507 ), 
-   float2( -0.81409955, 0.91437590 ), 
-   float2( 0.19984126, 0.78641367 ), 
-   float2( 0.14383161, -0.14100790 ) 
-};
-
 struct VertexInput
 {
     float4 Position : POSITION;
@@ -79,35 +60,8 @@ PixelInput main_vs(VertexInput input)
 
 // Pixel Shader
 
-// Returns a random number based on a vec3 and an int.
-float random(float3 seed, int i){
-	float4 seed4 = float4(seed, i);
-	float dot_product = dot(seed4, float4(12.9898,78.233,45.164,94.673));
-	return frac(sin(dot_product) * 43758.5453);
-}
-
-float PoissonCoord(sampler shadowMap, float3 worldPosition, float2 texCoord, float fragmentDepth, float bias)
-{
-    float visibility = 1.0;
-
-    for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++)
-    {
-        int index = int(16.0 * random(floor(worldPosition * 1000.0), i)) % 16;
-
-        if (tex2D(shadowMap, texCoord + poissonDisk[index] / 1024.0).r < fragmentDepth - bias)
-        {
-            visibility -= 0.05;
-        }
-    }
-
-    return visibility;
-}
-
 float ComputeShadow(float3 positionWorldSpace, float3 N, float3 L)
 {
-    float bias = 0.005 * tan(acos(dot(N, L)));
-    bias = clamp(bias, 0, 0.01);
-
     float4 positionCameraSpace = mul(float4(positionWorldSpace, 1.0), ViewMatrix);
 
     int shadowCascadeIndex = 0; // 0 is closest
@@ -139,69 +93,52 @@ float ComputeShadow(float3 positionWorldSpace, float3 N, float3 L)
         lightSpaceMatrix = LightSpaceMatrixFour;
     }
 
-    float4 positionLightSpace = mul(float4(positionWorldSpace, 1.0), lightSpaceMatrix);
-   
-    // maps to [-1, 1]
-    float3 projectionCoords = positionLightSpace.xyz / positionLightSpace.w;
-
-    // maps to [0, 1]
-    projectionCoords.x = (projectionCoords.x * 0.5) + 0.5;
-    projectionCoords.y = (projectionCoords.y * 0.5) + 0.5;
-    projectionCoords.y *= -1;
-    // in XNA clip z is 0 to 1 already
-
-    if (projectionCoords.z > 1.0)
-    {
-        return 1.0;
-    }
-
-    float inc = 1.0 / ShadowMapSize; // TODO: shadow map size uniform
-
     // PCF + Poisson soft shadows
-    float visibility = 0.0;
-    // for (int row = -1; row <= 1; row++)
-    // {
-    //     for (int col = -1; col <= 1; col++)
-    //     {
-    //         if (shadowCascadeIndex == 0)
-    //         {
-    //             visibility += PoissonCoord(SAMPLER(shadowMapOne), positionWorldSpace, projectionCoords.xy + float2(row, col) * inc, projectionCoords.z, bias);
-    //         }
-    //         else if (shadowCascadeIndex == 1)
-    //         {
-    //             visibility += PoissonCoord(SAMPLER(shadowMapTwo), positionWorldSpace, projectionCoords.xy + float2(row, col) * inc, projectionCoords.z, bias);
-    //         }
-    //         else if (shadowCascadeIndex == 2)
-    //         {
-    //             visibility += PoissonCoord(SAMPLER(shadowMapThree), positionWorldSpace, projectionCoords.xy + float2(row, col) * inc, projectionCoords.z, bias);
-    //         }
-    //         else
-    //         {
-    //             visibility += PoissonCoord(SAMPLER(shadowMapFour), positionWorldSpace, projectionCoords.xy + float2(row, col) * inc, projectionCoords.z, bias);
-    //         }
-    //     }
-    // }
-
-    // visibility /= 9.0;
 
     if (shadowCascadeIndex == 0)
     {
-        visibility = PoissonCoord(SAMPLER(shadowMapOne), positionWorldSpace, projectionCoords.xy, projectionCoords.z, bias);
+        return PoissonShadow(
+            positionWorldSpace,
+            N,
+            L,
+            lightSpaceMatrix,
+            SAMPLER(shadowMapOne),
+            ShadowMapSize
+        );
     }
     else if (shadowCascadeIndex == 1)
     {
-        visibility = PoissonCoord(SAMPLER(shadowMapTwo), positionWorldSpace, projectionCoords.xy, projectionCoords.z, bias);
+        return PoissonShadow(
+            positionWorldSpace,
+            N,
+            L,
+            lightSpaceMatrix,
+            SAMPLER(shadowMapTwo),
+            ShadowMapSize
+        );
     }
     else if (shadowCascadeIndex == 2)
     {
-        visibility = PoissonCoord(SAMPLER(shadowMapThree), positionWorldSpace, projectionCoords.xy, projectionCoords.z, bias);
+        return PoissonShadow(
+            positionWorldSpace,
+            N,
+            L,
+            lightSpaceMatrix,
+            SAMPLER(shadowMapThree),
+            ShadowMapSize
+        );
     }
     else
     {
-        visibility = PoissonCoord(SAMPLER(shadowMapFour), positionWorldSpace, projectionCoords.xy, projectionCoords.z, bias);
+        return PoissonShadow(
+            positionWorldSpace,
+            N,
+            L,
+            lightSpaceMatrix,
+            SAMPLER(shadowMapFour),
+            ShadowMapSize
+        );
     }
-
-    return visibility;
 }
 
 float4 ComputeColor(

Effects/HLSL/DeferredPBR_PointLightEffect.fx

@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
 #include "Macros.fxh" //from FNA
 #include "Lighting.fxh" 
+#include "Shadow.fxh"
 
 DECLARE_TEXTURE(gPosition, 0);
 DECLARE_TEXTURE(gAlbedo, 1);
 DECLARE_TEXTURE(gNormal, 2);
 DECLARE_TEXTURE(gMetallicRoughness, 3);
+DECLARE_CUBEMAP(shadowMap, 4);
 
 BEGIN_CONSTANTS
 
@@ -13,6 +15,8 @@ BEGIN_CONSTANTS
     float3 PointLightPosition               _ps(c1)     _cb(c1);
     float3 PointLightColor                  _ps(c2)     _cb(c2);
 
+    float FarPlane                          _ps(c3)     _cb(c3);
+
 MATRIX_CONSTANTS
 
 END_CONSTANTS
@@ -60,9 +64,11 @@ float4 ComputeColor(
     float attenuation = 1.0 / (distance * distance);
     float3 radiance = PointLightColor * attenuation;
 
-    float3 color = ComputeLight(L, radiance, F0, V, N, albedo, metallic, roughness, 1.0);
+    float shadow = HardPointShadow(worldPosition, N, L, PointLightPosition, SAMPLER(shadowMap), FarPlane);
+    float3 color = ComputeLight(L, radiance, F0, V, N, albedo, metallic, roughness, shadow);
 
     return float4(color, 1.0);
+    //return float4(shadow, shadow, shadow, 1.0);
 }
 
 float4 main_ps(PixelInput input) : SV_TARGET0

Effects/HLSL/Deferred_ToonEffect.fx

@@ -0,0 +1,285 @@
+#include "Macros.fxh"
+#include "Shadow.fxh"
+#include "Dither.fxh"
+
+static const int NUM_SHADOW_CASCADES = 4;
+
+DECLARE_TEXTURE(gPosition, 0);
+DECLARE_TEXTURE(gAlbedo, 1);
+DECLARE_TEXTURE(gNormal, 2);
+DECLARE_TEXTURE(gMetallicRoughness, 3);
+DECLARE_TEXTURE(shadowMapOne, 4);
+DECLARE_TEXTURE(shadowMapTwo, 5);
+DECLARE_TEXTURE(shadowMapThree, 6);
+DECLARE_TEXTURE(shadowMapFour, 7);
+
+BEGIN_CONSTANTS
+
+float3 EyePosition                           _ps(c0)     _cb(c0);
+
+float3 DirectionalLightDirection             _ps(c1)     _cb(c1);
+float3 DirectionalLightColor                 _ps(c2)     _cb(c2);
+
+float CascadeFarPlanes[NUM_SHADOW_CASCADES]  _ps(c4)     _cb(c4);
+
+float ShadowMapSize                          _ps(c8)     _cb(c8);
+
+MATRIX_CONSTANTS
+
+float4x4 LightSpaceMatrixOne                 _ps(c9)     _cb(c9);
+float4x4 LightSpaceMatrixTwo                 _ps(c13)    _cb(c13);
+float4x4 LightSpaceMatrixThree               _ps(c17)    _cb(c17);
+float4x4 LightSpaceMatrixFour                _ps(c21)    _cb(c21);
+
+float4x4 ViewMatrix                          _ps(c25)    _cb(c25);
+
+END_CONSTANTS
+
+struct VertexInput
+{
+    float4 Position : POSITION;
+    float2 TexCoord : TEXCOORD;
+};
+
+struct PixelInput
+{
+    float4 Position : SV_POSITION;
+    float2 TexCoord : TEXCOORD0;
+};
+
+PixelInput main_vs(VertexInput input)
+{
+    PixelInput output;
+
+    output.Position = input.Position;
+    output.TexCoord = input.TexCoord;
+
+    return output;
+}
+
+float ComputeShadow(float3 positionWorldSpace, float3 N, float3 L)
+{
+    float4 positionCameraSpace = mul(float4(positionWorldSpace, 1.0), ViewMatrix);
+
+    int shadowCascadeIndex = 0; // 0 is closest
+    for (int i = 0; i < NUM_SHADOW_CASCADES; i++)
+    {
+        if (abs(positionCameraSpace.z) < CascadeFarPlanes[i])
+        {
+            shadowCascadeIndex = i;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    float4x4 lightSpaceMatrix;
+
+    if (shadowCascadeIndex == 0)
+    {
+        lightSpaceMatrix = LightSpaceMatrixOne;
+    }
+    else if (shadowCascadeIndex == 1)
+    {
+        lightSpaceMatrix = LightSpaceMatrixTwo;
+    }
+    else if (shadowCascadeIndex == 2)
+    {
+        lightSpaceMatrix = LightSpaceMatrixThree;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        lightSpaceMatrix = LightSpaceMatrixFour;
+    }
+
+    if (shadowCascadeIndex == 0)
+    {
+        return HardShadow(
+            positionWorldSpace,
+            N,
+            L,
+            lightSpaceMatrix,
+            SAMPLER(shadowMapOne),
+            ShadowMapSize
+        );
+    }
+    else if (shadowCascadeIndex == 1)
+    {
+        return HardShadow(
+            positionWorldSpace,
+            N,
+            L,
+            lightSpaceMatrix,
+            SAMPLER(shadowMapTwo),
+            ShadowMapSize
+        );
+    }
+    else if (shadowCascadeIndex == 2)
+    {
+        return HardShadow(
+            positionWorldSpace,
+            N,
+            L,
+            lightSpaceMatrix,
+            SAMPLER(shadowMapThree),
+            ShadowMapSize
+        );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        return HardShadow(
+            positionWorldSpace,
+            N,
+            L,
+            lightSpaceMatrix,
+            SAMPLER(shadowMapFour),
+            ShadowMapSize
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+float IntensityBanding(float NdotL)
+{
+    // if (NdotL > 0.5)
+    // {
+    //     return 1.0;
+    // }
+    // else if (NdotL > 0.25)
+    // {
+    //     return 0.5;
+    // }
+    // else if (NdotL > 0.0)
+    // {
+    //     return 0.25;
+    // }
+    // else
+    // {
+    //     return 0.0;
+    // }
+    if (NdotL > 0)
+    {
+        return 1.0;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        return 0.25;
+    }
+}
+
+float4 FlatShadow(PixelInput input) : SV_TARGET0
+{
+    float2 screenPosition = input.Position.xy;
+    float3 worldPosition = SAMPLE_TEXTURE(gPosition, input.TexCoord).rgb;
+    float3 normal = SAMPLE_TEXTURE(gNormal, input.TexCoord).xyz;
+    float3 albedo = SAMPLE_TEXTURE(gAlbedo, input.TexCoord).rgb;
+    float2 metallicRoughness = SAMPLE_TEXTURE(gMetallicRoughness, input.TexCoord).rg;
+
+    // the lower the glossiness, the sharper the specular highlight
+    float glossiness = lerp(64, 16, 1.0 - metallicRoughness.r);
+
+    float3 V = normalize(EyePosition - worldPosition);
+    float3 L = normalize(DirectionalLightDirection);
+    float3 N = normalize(normal);
+    float3 H = normalize(V + L);
+
+    float NdotL = dot(N, L);
+    float NdotH = max(dot(N, H), 0.0);
+
+    float lightIntensity = IntensityBanding(NdotL);
+    float3 light = lightIntensity * DirectionalLightColor;
+
+    float specularIntensity = pow(NdotH * lightIntensity, glossiness * glossiness);
+    float specularSmooth = smoothstep(0.005, 0.01, specularIntensity);
+
+    float3 specular = specularSmooth * float3(1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
+
+    if (metallicRoughness.r == 0.0) { specular = float3(0.0, 0.0, 0.0); }
+
+    float3 rimColor = float3(1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
+    float rimThreshold = 0.1;
+    float rimAmount = 1 - metallicRoughness.g;
+    float rimDot = 1 - dot(V, N);
+    float rimIntensity = rimDot * pow(max(NdotL, 0.0), rimThreshold);
+    rimIntensity = smoothstep(rimAmount - 0.01, rimAmount + 0.01, rimIntensity);
+    float3 rim = rimIntensity * rimColor;
+
+    float shadow = ComputeShadow(worldPosition, N, L);
+    float3 color = albedo * (light + specular + rim) * shadow;
+
+    return float4(color, 1.0);
+}
+
+// FIXME: organize this
+float4 DitheredShadow(PixelInput input) : SV_TARGET0
+{
+    float2 screenPosition = input.Position.xy;
+    float3 worldPosition = SAMPLE_TEXTURE(gPosition, input.TexCoord).rgb;
+    float3 normal = SAMPLE_TEXTURE(gNormal, input.TexCoord).xyz;
+    float3 albedo = SAMPLE_TEXTURE(gAlbedo, input.TexCoord).rgb;
+    float2 metallicRoughness = SAMPLE_TEXTURE(gMetallicRoughness, input.TexCoord).rg;
+
+    // the lower the glossiness, the sharper the specular highlight
+    float glossiness = lerp(64, 16, 1.0 - metallicRoughness.r);
+
+    float3 V = normalize(EyePosition - worldPosition);
+    float3 L = normalize(DirectionalLightDirection);
+    float3 N = normalize(normal);
+    float3 H = normalize(V + L);
+
+    float NdotL = dot(N, L);
+    float NdotH = max(dot(N, H), 0.0);
+
+    float lightIntensity = IntensityBanding(NdotL);
+    //float3 light = lightIntensity * DirectionalLightColor;
+    float3 light = DirectionalLightColor;
+
+    if (lightIntensity < 1)
+    {
+        light *= dither(lightIntensity, screenPosition);
+    }
+
+    float specularIntensity = pow(NdotH * lightIntensity, glossiness * glossiness);
+    float specularSmooth = smoothstep(0.005, 0.01, specularIntensity);
+
+    float3 specular = specularSmooth * float3(1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
+
+    if (metallicRoughness.r == 0.0) { specular = float3(0.0, 0.0, 0.0); }
+
+    float3 rimColor = float3(1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
+    float rimThreshold = 0.1;
+    float rimAmount = 1 - metallicRoughness.g;
+    float rimDot = 1 - dot(V, N);
+    float rimIntensity = rimDot * pow(max(NdotL, 0.0), rimThreshold);
+    rimIntensity = smoothstep(rimAmount - 0.01, rimAmount + 0.01, rimIntensity);
+    float3 rim = rimIntensity * rimColor;
+
+    float shadow = ComputeShadow(worldPosition, N, L);
+    float3 color = albedo * (light + specular + rim); // * shadow;
+
+    if (shadow < 1)
+    {
+        color *= dither(shadow, screenPosition);
+    }
+
+    return float4(color, 1.0);
+}
+
+PixelShader PSArray[2] =
+{
+    compile ps_3_0 FlatShadow(),
+    compile ps_3_0 DitheredShadow()
+};
+
+int PSIndices[2] =
+{
+    0, 1
+};
+
+int ShaderIndex = 0;
+
+Technique Deferred_Toon
+{
+    Pass
+    {
+        VertexShader = compile vs_3_0 main_vs();
+        PixelShader = (PSArray[PSIndices[ShaderIndex]]);
+    }
+}

Effects/HLSL/Dither.fxh

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+#include "Conversion.fxh"
+
+// technique from http://alex-charlton.com/posts/Dithering_on_the_GPU/
+
+uniform float3 palette[8];
+static const int paletteSize = 8;
+
+static const int indexMatrix4x4[16] =
+{
+     0,  8,  2, 10,
+    12,  4, 14,  6,
+     3, 11,  1,  9,
+    15,  7, 13,  5
+};
+
+float indexValue(float2 screenCoords)
+{
+    int x = int(screenCoords.x % 4);
+    int y = int(screenCoords.y % 4);
+
+    return indexMatrix4x4[(x + y * 4)] / 16.0;
+}
+
+float hueDistance(float h1, float h2)
+{
+    float diff = abs(h1 - h2);
+    return min(abs(1.0 - diff), diff);
+}
+
+void closestColors(float hue, out float3 ret[2])
+{
+    float3 closest = float3(-2, 0, 0);
+    float3 secondClosest = float3(-2, 0, 0);
+    float3 temp;
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < paletteSize; i++)
+    {
+        temp = palette[i];
+        float tempDistance = hueDistance(temp.x, hue);
+        if (tempDistance < hueDistance(closest.x, hue))
+        {
+            secondClosest = closest;
+            closest = temp;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            if (tempDistance < hueDistance(secondClosest.x, hue))
+            {
+                secondClosest = temp;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    ret[0] = closest;
+    ret[1] = secondClosest;
+}
+
+float3 dither(float3 color, float2 screenCoords)
+{
+    float3 colors[2];
+    float3 hsl = RGBtoHSL(color);
+    closestColors(hsl.x, colors);
+    float3 closestColor = colors[0];
+    float3 secondClosestColor = colors[1];
+    float d = indexValue(screenCoords);
+    float hueDiff = hueDistance(hsl.x, closestColor.x) / hueDistance(secondClosestColor.x, secondClosestColor.x);
+    return HSLtoRGB(hueDiff < d ? closestColor : secondClosestColor);
+}
+
+// brightColor refers to undithered max color
+// float3 dither(float3 color, float3 brightColor, float2 screenCoords)
+// {
+//     float brightHue = RGBtoHSL(brightColor.x);
+//     float colorHue = RGBtoHSL(color.x);
+//     float halfDistance = hueDistance(0.0, brightHue) / 2.0;
+//     float3 closestColor = (colorHue < halfDistance) ? float3(0.0, 0.0, 0.0) : brightColor;
+//     float3 secondClosestColor = brightColor - closestColor;
+//     float d = indexValue(screenCoords);
+//     float distance = abs(closestColor - color);
+//     return (distance < d) ? closestColor : secondClosestColor;
+// }
+
+float3 dither(float color, float2 screenCoords) {
+    float closestColor = (color < 0.5) ? 0 : 1;
+    float secondClosestColor = 1 - closestColor;
+    float d = indexValue(screenCoords);
+    float distance = abs(closestColor - color);
+    return (distance < d) ? closestColor : secondClosestColor;
+}

Effects/HLSL/LinearDepthEffect.fx

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+#include "Macros.fxh"
+
+BEGIN_CONSTANTS
+
+    float4x4 Model                  _vs(c0)             _cb(c0);
+    float4x4 ModelViewProjection    _vs(c4)             _cb(c4);
+
+    float3 LightPosition                      _ps(c0)   _cb(c8);
+    float FarPlane                            _ps(c1)   _cb(c9);
+
+END_CONSTANTS
+
+struct VertexShaderInput
+{
+    float4 Position : POSITION;
+};
+
+struct VertexShaderOutput
+{
+    float4 Position : SV_Position;
+    float3 PositionWorld : TEXCOORD0;
+};
+
+VertexShaderOutput main_vs(VertexShaderInput input)
+{
+    VertexShaderOutput output;
+    output.Position = mul(input.Position, ModelViewProjection);
+    output.Position.x *= -1; // otherwise cube map render will be horizontally flipped
+    output.PositionWorld = mul(input.Position, Model);
+    return output;
+}
+
+float4 main_ps(VertexShaderOutput input) : SV_TARGET0
+{
+    float lightDistance = length(input.PositionWorld - LightPosition);
+    lightDistance /= FarPlane;
+    return float4(lightDistance, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
+}
+
+Technique SimpleDepth
+{
+    Pass
+    {
+        VertexShader = compile vs_3_0 main_vs();
+        PixelShader  = compile ps_3_0 main_ps();
+    }
+}

Effects/HLSL/Shadow.fxh

@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+static float2 poissonDisk[16] = 
+{
+   float2( -0.94201624, -0.39906216 ), 
+   float2( 0.94558609, -0.76890725 ), 
+   float2( -0.094184101, -0.92938870 ), 
+   float2( 0.34495938, 0.29387760 ), 
+   float2( -0.91588581, 0.45771432 ), 
+   float2( -0.81544232, -0.87912464 ), 
+   float2( -0.38277543, 0.27676845 ), 
+   float2( 0.97484398, 0.75648379 ), 
+   float2( 0.44323325, -0.97511554 ), 
+   float2( 0.53742981, -0.47373420 ), 
+   float2( -0.26496911, -0.41893023 ), 
+   float2( 0.79197514, 0.19090188 ), 
+   float2( -0.24188840, 0.99706507 ), 
+   float2( -0.81409955, 0.91437590 ), 
+   float2( 0.19984126, 0.78641367 ), 
+   float2( 0.14383161, -0.14100790 ) 
+};
+
+// TODO: this should probably sample a noise texture instead
+// Returns a random number based on a vec3 and an int.
+float random(float3 seed, int i){
+	float4 seed4 = float4(seed, i);
+	float dot_product = dot(seed4, float4(12.9898,78.233,45.164,94.673));
+	return frac(sin(dot_product) * 43758.5453);
+}
+
+float PoissonCoord(sampler shadowMap, float3 worldPosition, float2 texCoord, float fragmentDepth, float bias)
+{
+    float visibility = 1.0;
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++)
+    {
+        int index = int(16.0 * random(floor(worldPosition * 1000.0), i)) % 16;
+
+        if (tex2D(shadowMap, texCoord + poissonDisk[index] / 1024.0).r < fragmentDepth - bias)
+        {
+            visibility -= 0.05;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return visibility;
+}
+
+float PoissonShadow(
+    float3 positionWorldSpace, 
+    float3 N, 
+    float3 L,
+    float4x4 lightSpaceMatrix,
+    sampler shadowMap,
+    int shadowMapSize
+) {
+    float bias = 0.005 * tan(acos(dot(N, L)));
+    bias = clamp(bias, 0, 0.01);
+
+    float4 positionLightSpace = mul(float4(positionWorldSpace, 1.0), lightSpaceMatrix);
+
+    // maps to [-1, 1]
+    float3 projectionCoords = positionLightSpace.xyz / positionLightSpace.w;
+
+    // maps to [0, 1]
+    // NOTE: In XNA, clip space z is [0, 1] range
+    projectionCoords.x = (projectionCoords.x * 0.5) + 0.5;
+    projectionCoords.y = (projectionCoords.y * 0.5) + 0.5;
+    projectionCoords.y *= -1;
+
+    if (projectionCoords.z > 1.0)
+    {
+        return 1.0;
+    }
+
+    float inc = 1.0 / shadowMapSize;
+
+    // Poisson soft shadows
+    float visibility = 0.0;
+
+    visibility = PoissonCoord(
+        shadowMap, 
+        positionWorldSpace,
+        projectionCoords.xy,
+        projectionCoords.z,
+        bias
+    );
+
+    return visibility;
+}
+
+float HardShadow(
+    float3 positionWorldSpace, 
+    float3 N, 
+    float3 L,
+    float4x4 lightSpaceMatrix,
+    sampler shadowMap,
+    int shadowMapSize
+) {
+    // float bias = 0.005 * tan(acos(dot(N, L)));
+    // bias = clamp(bias, 0, 0.01);
+
+    float bias = max(0.05 * (1.0 - dot(N, L)), 0.005);  
+
+    float4 positionLightSpace = mul(float4(positionWorldSpace, 1.0), lightSpaceMatrix);
+
+    // maps to [-1, 1]
+    float3 projectionCoords = positionLightSpace.xyz / positionLightSpace.w;
+
+    // maps to [0, 1]
+    // NOTE: In XNA, clip space z is [0, 1] range
+    projectionCoords.x = (projectionCoords.x * 0.5) + 0.5;
+    projectionCoords.y = (projectionCoords.y * 0.5) + 0.5;
+    projectionCoords.y *= -1;
+
+    if (projectionCoords.z > 1.0)
+    {
+        return 1.0;
+    }
+
+    float closestDepth = tex2D(shadowMap, projectionCoords.xy);
+    float currentDepth = projectionCoords.z;
+
+    return (currentDepth - bias > closestDepth ? 0.25 : 1.0);
+}
+
+float HardPointShadow(
+    float3 positionWorldSpace, 
+    float3 N, 
+    float3 L,
+    float3 lightPosition,
+    sampler shadowMap,
+    float farPlane
+) {
+    float3 lightToFrag = positionWorldSpace - lightPosition;
+    float closestDepth = texCUBE(shadowMap, lightToFrag).r;
+    closestDepth *= farPlane;
+
+    float currentDepth = length(lightToFrag);
+
+    float bias = max(0.05 * (1.0 - dot(N, L)), 0.005);  
+
+    return (currentDepth - bias > closestDepth ? 0 : 1.0);
+}

Effects/HLSL/SimpleDepthEffect.fx

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ VertexShaderOutput main_vs(VertexShaderInput input)
     VertexShaderOutput output;
 
     output.Position = mul(input.Position, ModelViewProjection);
-    output.Depth = output.Position.z;
+    output.Depth = output.Position.z / output.Position.w;
 
     return output;
 }

Effects/HLSL/SkyboxEffect.fx

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+#include "Macros.fxh"
+
+DECLARE_CUBEMAP(skybox, 0);
+
+BEGIN_CONSTANTS
+
+    float4x4 ViewProjection _vs(c0)    _cb(c0);
+
+END_CONSTANTS
+
+struct VertexShaderInput
+{
+    float3 Position : POSITION;
+};
+
+struct VertexShaderOutput
+{
+    float4 Position : SV_POSITION;
+    float3 TexCoord : TEXCOORD;
+};
+
+VertexShaderOutput main_vs(VertexShaderInput input)
+{
+    VertexShaderOutput output;
+
+    output.Position = mul(float4(input.Position, 1.0), ViewProjection);
+    output.Position = output.Position.xyww;
+    output.TexCoord = input.Position;
+
+    return output;
+}
+
+float4 main_ps(VertexShaderOutput input) : SV_TARGET0
+{
+    return SAMPLE_CUBEMAP(skybox, input.TexCoord);
+}
+
+Technique Skybox
+{
+    Pass
+    {
+        VertexShader = compile vs_3_0 main_vs();
+        PixelShader  = compile ps_3_0 main_ps();
+    }
+}

Effects/LinearDepthEffect.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+using Microsoft.Xna.Framework;
+using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics;
+
+namespace Kav
+{
+    public class LinearDepthEffect : Effect
+    {
+        EffectParameter modelParam;
+        EffectParameter modelViewProjectionParam;
+        EffectParameter lightPositionParam;
+        EffectParameter farPlaneParam;
+
+        EffectDirtyFlags dirtyFlags = EffectDirtyFlags.All;
+
+        Matrix model;
+        Matrix view;
+        Matrix projection;
+
+        public Vector3 LightPosition { get; set; }
+        public float FarPlane { get; set; }
+
+        public Matrix Model
+        {
+            get { return model; }
+            set
+            {
+                model = value;
+                dirtyFlags |= EffectDirtyFlags.World;
+                dirtyFlags |= EffectDirtyFlags.WorldViewProj;
+            }
+        }
+
+        public Matrix View
+        {
+            get { return view; }
+            set
+            {
+                view = value;
+                dirtyFlags |= EffectDirtyFlags.WorldViewProj;
+            }
+        }
+
+        public Matrix Projection
+        {
+            get { return projection; }
+            set
+            {
+                projection = value;
+                dirtyFlags |= EffectDirtyFlags.WorldViewProj;
+            }
+        }
+
+        public LinearDepthEffect(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice) : base(graphicsDevice, Resources.LinearDepthEffect)
+        {
+            CacheEffectParameters();
+        }
+
+        protected override void OnApply()
+        {
+            if ((dirtyFlags & EffectDirtyFlags.WorldViewProj) != 0)
+            {
+                Matrix.Multiply(ref view, ref projection, out Matrix viewProjection);
+                Matrix.Multiply(ref model, ref viewProjection, out Matrix worldViewProj);
+
+                modelViewProjectionParam.SetValue(worldViewProj);
+
+                dirtyFlags &= ~EffectDirtyFlags.WorldViewProj;
+            }
+
+            if ((dirtyFlags & EffectDirtyFlags.World) != 0)
+            {
+                modelParam.SetValue(model);
+                
+                dirtyFlags &= ~EffectDirtyFlags.World;
+            }
+
+            lightPositionParam.SetValue(LightPosition);
+            farPlaneParam.SetValue(FarPlane);
+        }
+
+        private void CacheEffectParameters()
+        {
+            modelParam               = Parameters["Model"];
+            modelViewProjectionParam = Parameters["ModelViewProjection"];
+
+            lightPositionParam       = Parameters["LightPosition"];
+            farPlaneParam            = Parameters["FarPlane"];
+        }
+    }
+}

Effects/SkyboxEffect.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+using Microsoft.Xna.Framework;
+using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics;
+
+namespace Kav
+{
+    public class SkyboxEffect : Effect
+    {
+        EffectParameter viewProjectionParam;
+        EffectParameter skyboxParam;
+
+        Matrix view;
+        Matrix projection;
+        TextureCube skybox;
+
+        EffectDirtyFlags dirtyFlags = EffectDirtyFlags.All;
+
+        public Matrix View
+        {
+            get { return view; }
+            set 
+            {
+                view = value;
+                dirtyFlags |= EffectDirtyFlags.WorldViewProj;
+            }
+        }
+
+        public Matrix Projection
+        {
+            get { return projection; }
+            set
+            {
+                projection = value;
+                dirtyFlags |= EffectDirtyFlags.WorldViewProj;
+            }
+        }
+
+        public TextureCube Skybox
+        {
+            get { return skybox; }
+            set
+            {
+                skybox = value;
+                dirtyFlags |= EffectDirtyFlags.World; // hack flag but whatever
+            }
+        }
+
+        public SkyboxEffect(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice) : base(graphicsDevice, Resources.SkyboxEffect)
+        {
+            CacheEffectParameters();
+        }
+
+        protected override void OnApply()
+        {
+            if ((dirtyFlags & EffectDirtyFlags.WorldViewProj) != 0)
+            {
+                Matrix.Multiply(ref view, ref projection, out Matrix viewProjection);
+
+                viewProjectionParam.SetValue(viewProjection);
+
+                dirtyFlags &= ~EffectDirtyFlags.WorldViewProj;
+            }
+
+            if ((dirtyFlags & EffectDirtyFlags.World) != 0)
+            {
+                skyboxParam.SetValue(skybox);
+
+                dirtyFlags &= ~EffectDirtyFlags.World;
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void CacheEffectParameters()
+        {
+            viewProjectionParam = Parameters["ViewProjection"];
+            skyboxParam = Parameters["skybox"];
+        }
+    }
+}

Geometry/MeshPart.cs

@@ -9,15 +9,47 @@ namespace Kav
         public VertexBuffer VertexBuffer { get; }
         public Triangle[] Triangles { get; }
         public Vector3[] Positions { get; }
-        public Effect Effect { get; }
+        
+        private Texture2D albedoTexture = null;
+        private Texture2D normalTexture = null;
+        private Texture2D metallicRoughnessTexture = null;
 
-        public MeshPart(VertexBuffer vertexBuffer, IndexBuffer indexBuffer, Vector3[] positions, Triangle[] triangles, Effect effect)
+        public Texture2D AlbedoTexture 
-        {
+        { 
+            get { return DisableAlbedoMap ? null : albedoTexture; }
+            set { albedoTexture = value; }
+        }
+
+        public Texture2D NormalTexture 
+        { 
+            get { return DisableNormalMap ? null : normalTexture; } 
+            set { normalTexture = value; }
+        }
+
+        public Texture2D MetallicRoughnessTexture 
+        { 
+            get { return DisableMetallicRoughnessMap ? null : metallicRoughnessTexture; }
+            set { metallicRoughnessTexture = value; } 
+        }
+
+        public Vector3 Albedo { get; set; } = Vector3.One;
+        public float Metallic { get; set; } = 0.5f;
+        public float Roughness { get; set; } = 0.5f;
+
+        public bool DisableAlbedoMap { get; set; } = false;
+        public bool DisableNormalMap { get; set; } = false;
+        public bool DisableMetallicRoughnessMap { get; set; } = false;
+
+        public MeshPart(
+            VertexBuffer vertexBuffer,
+            IndexBuffer indexBuffer,
+            Vector3[] positions,
+            Triangle[] triangles
+        ) {
             VertexBuffer = vertexBuffer;
             IndexBuffer = indexBuffer;
             Positions = positions;
             Triangles = triangles;
-            Effect = effect;
         }
     }
 }

Geometry/Model.cs

@@ -6,9 +6,84 @@ namespace Kav
     {
         public Mesh[] Meshes { get; }
 
+        public Color Albedo 
+        { 
+            set 
+            {
+                foreach (var mesh in Meshes)
+                {
+                    foreach (var meshPart in mesh.MeshParts)
+                    {
+                        meshPart.Albedo = value.ToVector3();
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        public float Metallic
+        {
+            set
+            {
+                foreach (var mesh in Meshes)
+                {
+                    foreach (var meshPart in mesh.MeshParts)
+                    {
+                        meshPart.Metallic = value;
+                    }
+                }
+            }   
+        }
+
+        public float Roughness
+        {
+            set
+            {
+                foreach (var mesh in Meshes)
+                {
+                    foreach (var meshPart in mesh.MeshParts)
+                    {
+                        meshPart.Roughness = value;
+                    }
+                }
+            }   
+        }
+
         public Model(Mesh[] meshes)
         {
             Meshes = meshes;
         }
+
+        public void DisableAlbedoMaps()
+        {
+            foreach (var mesh in Meshes)
+            {
+                foreach (var meshPart in mesh.MeshParts)
+                {
+                    meshPart.DisableAlbedoMap = true;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void DisableNormalMaps()
+        {
+            foreach (var mesh in Meshes)
+            {
+                foreach (var meshPart in mesh.MeshParts)
+                {
+                    meshPart.DisableNormalMap = true;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        
+        public void DisableMetallicRoughnessMaps()
+        {
+            foreach (var mesh in Meshes)
+            {
+                foreach (var meshPart in mesh.MeshParts)
+                {
+                    meshPart.DisableMetallicRoughnessMap = true;
+                }
+            }
+        }
     }
 }

Kav.Core.csproj

@@ -30,6 +30,9 @@
     <EmbeddedResource Include="Effects\FXB\ToneMapEffect.fxb">
       <LogicalName>Kav.Resources.ToneMapEffect.fxb</LogicalName>
     </EmbeddedResource>
+    <EmbeddedResource Include="Effects\FXB\Deferred_ToonEffect.fxb">
+      <LogicalName>Kav.Resources.Deferred_ToonEffect.fxb</LogicalName>
+    </EmbeddedResource>
     <EmbeddedResource Include="Effects\FXB\DeferredPBREffect.fxb">
       <LogicalName>Kav.Resources.DeferredPBREffect.fxb</LogicalName>
     </EmbeddedResource>
@@ -39,6 +42,15 @@
     <EmbeddedResource Include="Effects\FXB\SimpleDepthEffect.fxb">
       <LogicalName>Kav.Resources.SimpleDepthEffect.fxb</LogicalName>
 		</EmbeddedResource>
+    <EmbeddedResource Include="Effects\FXB\LinearDepthEffect.fxb">
+      <LogicalName>Kav.Resources.LinearDepthEffect.fxb</LogicalName>
+		</EmbeddedResource>
+    <EmbeddedResource Include="Effects\FXB\SkyboxEffect.fxb">
+      <LogicalName>Kav.Resources.SkyboxEffect.fxb</LogicalName>
+		</EmbeddedResource>
+    <EmbeddedResource Include="Models\UnitCube.glb">
+      <LogicalName>Kav.Resources.UnitCube.glb</LogicalName>
+		</EmbeddedResource>
   </ItemGroup>
 
 </Project>

Kav.Framework.csproj

@@ -30,6 +30,9 @@
     <EmbeddedResource Include="Effects\FXB\ToneMapEffect.fxb">
       <LogicalName>Kav.Resources.ToneMapEffect.fxb</LogicalName>
     </EmbeddedResource>
+    <EmbeddedResource Include="Effects\FXB\Deferred_ToonEffect.fxb">
+      <LogicalName>Kav.Resources.Deferred_ToonEffect.fxb</LogicalName>
+    </EmbeddedResource>
     <EmbeddedResource Include="Effects\FXB\DeferredPBREffect.fxb">
       <LogicalName>Kav.Resources.DeferredPBREffect.fxb</LogicalName>
     </EmbeddedResource>
@@ -39,6 +42,15 @@
     <EmbeddedResource Include="Effects\FXB\SimpleDepthEffect.fxb">
       <LogicalName>Kav.Resources.SimpleDepthEffect.fxb</LogicalName>
 		</EmbeddedResource>
+    <EmbeddedResource Include="Effects\FXB\LinearDepthEffect.fxb">
+      <LogicalName>Kav.Resources.LinearDepthEffect.fxb</LogicalName>
+		</EmbeddedResource>
+    <EmbeddedResource Include="Effects\FXB\SkyboxEffect.fxb">
+      <LogicalName>Kav.Resources.SkyboxEffect.fxb</LogicalName>
+		</EmbeddedResource>
+    <EmbeddedResource Include="Models\UnitCube.glb">
+      <LogicalName>Kav.Resources.UnitCube.glb</LogicalName>
+		</EmbeddedResource>
   </ItemGroup>
 
 </Project>

Lights/AmbientLight.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+using Microsoft.Xna.Framework;
+
+namespace Kav
+{
+    public struct AmbientLight
+    {
+        public Color Color { get; set; }
+
+        public AmbientLight(Color color)
+        {
+            Color = color;
+        }
+    }
+}

Lights/DirectionalLight.cs

@@ -4,9 +4,9 @@ namespace Kav
 {
     public struct DirectionalLight
     {
-        public Vector3 Direction { get; set; }
+        public Vector3 Direction { get; }
-        public Color Color { get; set; }
+        public Color Color { get; }
-        public float Intensity { get; set; }
+        public float Intensity { get; }
 
         public Matrix View
         {

Loaders/ModelLoader.cs

@@ -15,19 +15,6 @@ namespace Kav
 
                 foreach (var meshPartData in meshData.MeshParts)
                 {
-                    var effect = new Kav.DeferredPBR_GBufferEffect(
-                        graphicsDevice
-                    )
-                    {
-                        Albedo = meshPartData.Albedo,
-                        Metallic = meshPartData.Metallic,
-                        Roughness = meshPartData.Roughness,
-
-                        AlbedoTexture = meshPartData.AlbedoTexture,
-                        NormalTexture = meshPartData.NormalTexture,
-                        MetallicRoughnessTexture = meshPartData.MetallicRoughnessTexture
-                    };
-
                     var triangles = new Kav.Triangle[meshPartData.Triangles.Length];
                     for (int i = 0; i < meshPartData.Triangles.Length; i++)
                     {
@@ -40,13 +27,22 @@ namespace Kav
                         );
                     }
 
-                    meshParts.Add(new Kav.MeshPart(
+                    var meshPart = new Kav.MeshPart(
                         meshPartData.VertexBuffer,
                         meshPartData.IndexBuffer,
                         meshPartData.Positions,
-                        triangles,
+                        triangles
-                        effect
+                    );
-                    ));
+
+                    meshPart.Albedo = meshPartData.Albedo;
+                    meshPart.Metallic = meshPartData.Metallic;
+                    meshPart.Roughness = meshPartData.Roughness;
+
+                    meshPart.AlbedoTexture = meshPartData.AlbedoTexture;
+                    meshPart.NormalTexture = meshPartData.NormalTexture;
+                    meshPart.MetallicRoughnessTexture = meshPartData.MetallicRoughnessTexture;
+
+                    meshParts.Add(meshPart);
                 }
 
                 meshes.Add(new Kav.Mesh(meshParts.ToArray()));

README.md

@@ -15,9 +15,9 @@ Essential
 - [x] Tone map shader
 - [x] Poisson soft shadowing
 - [ ] Frustum culling
-- [ ] Shadow-casting point lights
+- [x] Shadow-casting point lights
 - [ ] Parabolic lights
-- [ ] Skyboxes
+- [x] Skyboxes
 - [ ] Screen-space reflection
 
 Nice-To-Haves

Renderer.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
-using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.IO;
 using Microsoft.Xna.Framework;
 using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics;
 
@@ -21,19 +23,27 @@ namespace Kav
         private RenderTarget2D[] ShadowRenderTargets { get; }
 
         private DeferredPBREffect DeferredPBREffect { get; }
+        /* FIXME: these next two dont actually have anything to do with PBR */
+        private DeferredPBR_GBufferEffect Deferred_GBufferEffect { get; }
         private DeferredPBR_AmbientLightEffect DeferredAmbientLightEffect { get; }
         private DeferredPBR_PointLightEffect DeferredPointLightEffect { get; }
         private DeferredPBR_DirectionalLightEffect DeferredDirectionalLightEffect { get; }
+        private Deferred_ToonEffect Deferred_ToonEffect { get; }
         private SimpleDepthEffect SimpleDepthEffect { get; }
+        private LinearDepthEffect LinearDepthEffect { get; }
         private Effect ToneMapEffect { get; }
+        private SkyboxEffect SkyboxEffect { get; }
 
         private RenderTarget2D gPosition { get; }
         private RenderTarget2D gNormal { get; }
         private RenderTarget2D gAlbedo { get; }
         private RenderTarget2D gMetallicRoughness { get; }
+        private RenderTargetCube PointShadowCubeMap { get; }
 
         private RenderTargetBinding[] GBuffer { get; }
 
+        private Kav.Model UnitCube { get; }
+
         private SpriteBatch SpriteBatch { get; }
 
         public Renderer(
@@ -70,7 +80,7 @@ namespace Kav
                 renderDimensionsY,
                 false,
                 SurfaceFormat.Color,
-                DepthFormat.None,
+                DepthFormat.Depth24,
                 0,
                 RenderTargetUsage.PreserveContents
             );
@@ -129,13 +139,26 @@ namespace Kav
                 new RenderTargetBinding(gMetallicRoughness)
             };
 
+            PointShadowCubeMap = new RenderTargetCube(
+                GraphicsDevice,
+                shadowMapSize,
+                false,
+                SurfaceFormat.Single,
+                DepthFormat.Depth24
+            );
+
             SimpleDepthEffect = new SimpleDepthEffect(GraphicsDevice);
+            LinearDepthEffect = new LinearDepthEffect(GraphicsDevice);
             DeferredPBREffect = new DeferredPBREffect(GraphicsDevice);
+
+            Deferred_GBufferEffect = new DeferredPBR_GBufferEffect(GraphicsDevice);
             DeferredAmbientLightEffect = new DeferredPBR_AmbientLightEffect(GraphicsDevice);
             DeferredPointLightEffect = new DeferredPBR_PointLightEffect(GraphicsDevice);
             DeferredDirectionalLightEffect = new DeferredPBR_DirectionalLightEffect(GraphicsDevice);
             DeferredDirectionalLightEffect.ShadowMapSize = ShadowMapSize;
             ToneMapEffect = new Effect(graphicsDevice, Resources.ToneMapEffect);
+            Deferred_ToonEffect = new Deferred_ToonEffect(GraphicsDevice);
+            SkyboxEffect = new SkyboxEffect(GraphicsDevice);
 
             FullscreenTriangle = new VertexBuffer(GraphicsDevice, typeof(VertexPositionTexture), 3, BufferUsage.WriteOnly);
             FullscreenTriangle.SetData(new VertexPositionTexture[3] {
@@ -144,39 +167,93 @@ namespace Kav
                 new VertexPositionTexture(new Vector3(3, 1, 0), new Vector2(2, 0))
             });
 
+            UnitCube = Kav.ModelLoader.Load(
+                GraphicsDevice,
+                Smuggler.Importer.ImportGLB(GraphicsDevice, new MemoryStream(Resources.UnitCubeModel))
+            );
+
             SpriteBatch = new SpriteBatch(graphicsDevice);
         }
 
         public void DeferredRender(
             PerspectiveCamera camera,
             IEnumerable<(Model, Matrix)> modelTransforms,
+            AmbientLight ambientLight,
             IEnumerable<PointLight> pointLights,
             DirectionalLight directionalLight
         ) {
-            // g-buffer pass
+            GBufferRender(camera, modelTransforms);
 
-            GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTargets(GBuffer);
+            GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(ColorRenderTarget);
+            GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.Black);
+
+            AmbientLightRender(ambientLight);
+
+            DeferredPointLightEffect.EyePosition = camera.Position;
+
+            foreach (var pointLight in pointLights)
+            {
+                PointLightRender(camera, modelTransforms, pointLight);
+            }
+
+            DirectionalLightRender(camera, modelTransforms, directionalLight);
+
+            GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(null);
+            GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.Black);
+            SpriteBatch.Begin(SpriteSortMode.Deferred, BlendState.Opaque, null, null, null, ToneMapEffect);
+            SpriteBatch.Draw(ColorRenderTarget, Vector2.Zero, Color.White);
+            SpriteBatch.End();
+        }
+
+        public void DeferredToonRender(
+            PerspectiveCamera camera,
+            IEnumerable<(Model, Matrix)> modelTransforms,
+            AmbientLight ambientLight,
+            IEnumerable<PointLight> pointLights,
+            DirectionalLight directionalLight,
+            TextureCube skybox
+        ) {            
+            GBufferRender(camera, modelTransforms);
+
+            GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(ColorRenderTarget);
             GraphicsDevice.Clear(ClearOptions.Target | ClearOptions.DepthBuffer, Color.Black, 1f, 0);
             GraphicsDevice.DepthStencilState = DepthStencilState.Default;
-            GraphicsDevice.BlendState = BlendState.Opaque;
 
+            DepthRender(camera, modelTransforms);
+            GraphicsDevice.DepthStencilState = DepthStencilState.DepthRead;
+
+            AmbientLightRender(ambientLight);
+            foreach (var pointLight in pointLights)
+            {
+                PointLightRender(camera, modelTransforms, pointLight);
+            }
+            DirectionalLightToonRender(camera, modelTransforms, directionalLight);
+            SkyboxRender(camera, skybox);
+
+            GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(null);
+            SpriteBatch.Begin(SpriteSortMode.Deferred, BlendState.Opaque, null, null, null, null);
+            SpriteBatch.Draw(ColorRenderTarget, Vector2.Zero, Color.White);
+            SpriteBatch.End();
+        }
+
+        private void DepthRender(
+            PerspectiveCamera camera,
+            IEnumerable<(Model, Matrix)> modelTransforms
+        ) {
             foreach (var (model, transform) in modelTransforms)
             {
                 foreach (var modelMesh in model.Meshes)
                 {
                     foreach (var meshPart in modelMesh.MeshParts)
                     {
+                        SimpleDepthEffect.Model = transform;
+                        SimpleDepthEffect.View = camera.View;
+                        SimpleDepthEffect.Projection = camera.Projection;
+
                         GraphicsDevice.SetVertexBuffer(meshPart.VertexBuffer);
                         GraphicsDevice.Indices = meshPart.IndexBuffer;
 
-                        if (meshPart.Effect is TransformEffect transformEffect)
+                        foreach (var pass in SimpleDepthEffect.CurrentTechnique.Passes)
-                        {
-                            transformEffect.World = transform;
-                            transformEffect.View = camera.View;
-                            transformEffect.Projection = camera.Projection;
-                        }
-
-                        foreach (var pass in meshPart.Effect.CurrentTechnique.Passes)
                         {
                             pass.Apply();
 
@@ -192,14 +269,96 @@ namespace Kav
                     }
                 }
             }
+        }
 
+        private void SkyboxRender(
+            PerspectiveCamera camera,
+            TextureCube skybox
+        ) {
+            GraphicsDevice.RasterizerState.CullMode = CullMode.CullClockwiseFace;
+            SkyboxEffect.Skybox = skybox;
+
+            var view = camera.View;
+            view.Translation = Vector3.Zero;
+            SkyboxEffect.View = view;
+
+            SkyboxEffect.Projection = camera.Projection;
+
+            GraphicsDevice.SetVertexBuffer(UnitCube.Meshes[0].MeshParts[0].VertexBuffer);
+            GraphicsDevice.Indices = UnitCube.Meshes[0].MeshParts[0].IndexBuffer;
+
+            foreach (var pass in SkyboxEffect.CurrentTechnique.Passes)
+            {
+                pass.Apply();
+
+                GraphicsDevice.DrawIndexedPrimitives(
+                    PrimitiveType.TriangleList,
+                    0,
+                    0,
+                    UnitCube.Meshes[0].MeshParts[0].VertexBuffer.VertexCount,
+                    0,
+                    UnitCube.Meshes[0].MeshParts[0].Triangles.Length
+                );
+            }
+            GraphicsDevice.RasterizerState.CullMode = CullMode.CullCounterClockwiseFace;
+        }
+
+        private void GBufferRender(
+            PerspectiveCamera camera,
+            IEnumerable<(Model, Matrix)> modelTransforms
+        ) {
+            GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTargets(GBuffer);
+            GraphicsDevice.Clear(ClearOptions.Target | ClearOptions.DepthBuffer, Color.Black, 1f, 0);
+            GraphicsDevice.DepthStencilState = DepthStencilState.Default;
+            GraphicsDevice.BlendState = BlendState.Opaque;
+
+            foreach (var (model, transform) in modelTransforms)
+            {
+                foreach (var modelMesh in model.Meshes)
+                {
+                    foreach (var meshPart in modelMesh.MeshParts)
+                    {
+                        Deferred_GBufferEffect.World = transform;
+                        Deferred_GBufferEffect.View = camera.View;
+                        Deferred_GBufferEffect.Projection = camera.Projection;
+
+                        Deferred_GBufferEffect.Albedo = meshPart.Albedo;
+                        Deferred_GBufferEffect.Metallic = meshPart.Metallic;
+                        Deferred_GBufferEffect.Roughness = meshPart.Roughness;
+
+                        Deferred_GBufferEffect.AlbedoTexture = meshPart.AlbedoTexture;
+                        Deferred_GBufferEffect.NormalTexture = meshPart.NormalTexture;
+                        Deferred_GBufferEffect.MetallicRoughnessTexture = meshPart.MetallicRoughnessTexture;
+
+                        GraphicsDevice.SetVertexBuffer(meshPart.VertexBuffer);
+                        GraphicsDevice.Indices = meshPart.IndexBuffer;
+
+                        foreach (var pass in Deferred_GBufferEffect.CurrentTechnique.Passes)
+                        {
+                            pass.Apply();
+
+                            GraphicsDevice.DrawIndexedPrimitives(
+                                PrimitiveType.TriangleList,
+                                0,
+                                0,
+                                meshPart.VertexBuffer.VertexCount,
+                                0,
+                                meshPart.Triangles.Length
+                            );
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void AmbientLightRender(AmbientLight ambientLight)
+        {
             GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(ColorRenderTarget);
-            GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.Black);
+            GraphicsDevice.BlendState = BlendState.Opaque;
-            GraphicsDevice.BlendState = BlendState.Additive;
-            GraphicsDevice.DepthStencilState = DepthStencilState.None;
 
             DeferredAmbientLightEffect.GPosition = gPosition;
             DeferredAmbientLightEffect.GAlbedo = gAlbedo;
+            DeferredAmbientLightEffect.AmbientColor = ambientLight.Color.ToVector3();
 
             foreach (var pass in DeferredAmbientLightEffect.CurrentTechnique.Passes)
             {
@@ -207,39 +366,31 @@ namespace Kav
                 GraphicsDevice.SetVertexBuffer(FullscreenTriangle);
                 GraphicsDevice.DrawPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleList, 0, 1);
             }
-
-            DeferredPointLightEffect.EyePosition = camera.Position;
-
-            foreach (var pointLight in pointLights)
-            {
-                PointLightRender(pointLight);
-            }
-
-            DirectionalLightRender(camera, modelTransforms, directionalLight);
-            // return;
-            // GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(null);
-            // SpriteBatch.Begin(SpriteSortMode.Deferred, BlendState.NonPremultiplied);
-            // SpriteBatch.Draw(DirectionalRenderTarget, Vector2.Zero, Color.White);
-            // SpriteBatch.End();
-
-            GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(null);
-            GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.Black);
-            SpriteBatch.Begin(SpriteSortMode.Deferred, BlendState.Opaque, null, null, null, ToneMapEffect);
-            SpriteBatch.Draw(ColorRenderTarget, Vector2.Zero, Color.White);
-            SpriteBatch.End();
         }
 
-        private void PointLightRender(PointLight pointLight) 
+        private void PointLightRender(
-        {
+            PerspectiveCamera camera,
+            IEnumerable<(Model, Matrix)> modelTransforms,
+            PointLight pointLight
+        ) {
+            RenderPointShadows(camera, modelTransforms, pointLight);
+
+            GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(ColorRenderTarget);
+            GraphicsDevice.DepthStencilState = DepthStencilState.DepthRead;
+            GraphicsDevice.BlendState = BlendState.Additive;
+
             DeferredPointLightEffect.GPosition = gPosition;
             DeferredPointLightEffect.GAlbedo = gAlbedo;
             DeferredPointLightEffect.GNormal = gNormal;
             DeferredPointLightEffect.GMetallicRoughness = gMetallicRoughness;    
+            DeferredPointLightEffect.ShadowMap = PointShadowCubeMap;
 
             DeferredPointLightEffect.PointLightPosition = pointLight.Position;
             DeferredPointLightEffect.PointLightColor = 
                 pointLight.Color.ToVector3() * pointLight.Intensity;
 
+            DeferredPointLightEffect.FarPlane = 25f; // FIXME: magic value
+
             foreach (var pass in DeferredPointLightEffect.CurrentTechnique.Passes)
             {
                 pass.Apply();
@@ -253,28 +404,7 @@ namespace Kav
             IEnumerable<(Model, Matrix)> modelTransforms,
             DirectionalLight directionalLight
         ) {
-            // render the individual shadow cascades
+            RenderDirectionalShadows(camera, modelTransforms, directionalLight, DeferredDirectionalLightEffect);
-            var previousFarPlane = camera.NearPlane;
-            for (var i = 0; i < NumShadowCascades; i++)
-            {
-                var farPlane = camera.FarPlane / (MathHelper.Max((NumShadowCascades - i - 1) * 2f, 1f));
-
-                // divide the view frustum 
-                var shadowCamera = new PerspectiveCamera(
-                    camera.Position,
-                    camera.Forward,
-                    camera.Up,
-                    camera.FieldOfView,
-                    camera.AspectRatio,
-                    previousFarPlane,
-                    farPlane
-                );
-                
-                // TODO: This is tightly coupled to the effect and it sucks
-                RenderShadowMap(shadowCamera, modelTransforms, directionalLight, i);
-
-                previousFarPlane = farPlane;
-            }
 
             DeferredDirectionalLightEffect.GPosition = gPosition;
             DeferredDirectionalLightEffect.GAlbedo = gAlbedo;
@@ -300,7 +430,7 @@ namespace Kav
                 directionalLight.Color.ToVector3() * directionalLight.Intensity;
             
             DeferredDirectionalLightEffect.ViewMatrix = camera.View;
-            DeferredDirectionalLightEffect.EyePosition = Matrix.Invert(camera.View).Translation;
+            DeferredDirectionalLightEffect.EyePosition = camera.Position;
 
             GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(ColorRenderTarget);
             GraphicsDevice.BlendState = BlendState.Additive;
@@ -313,10 +443,89 @@ namespace Kav
             }
         }
 
-        private void RenderShadowMap(
+        private void DirectionalLightToonRender(
+            PerspectiveCamera camera,
+            IEnumerable<(Model, Matrix)> modelTransforms,
+            DirectionalLight directionalLight
+        ) {
+            RenderDirectionalShadows(camera, modelTransforms, directionalLight, Deferred_ToonEffect);
+
+            GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(ColorRenderTarget);
+            GraphicsDevice.DepthStencilState = DepthStencilState.DepthRead;
+            GraphicsDevice.BlendState = BlendState.Additive;
+
+            Deferred_ToonEffect.GPosition = gPosition;
+            Deferred_ToonEffect.GAlbedo = gAlbedo;
+            Deferred_ToonEffect.GNormal = gNormal;
+            Deferred_ToonEffect.GMetallicRoughness = gMetallicRoughness;
+
+            Deferred_ToonEffect.DitheredShadows = false;
+
+            Deferred_ToonEffect.EyePosition = camera.Position;
+            Deferred_ToonEffect.DirectionalLightDirection = directionalLight.Direction;
+            Deferred_ToonEffect.DirectionalLightColor = 
+                directionalLight.Color.ToVector3() * directionalLight.Intensity;
+
+            Deferred_ToonEffect.ShadowMapOne = ShadowRenderTargets[0];
+            if (NumShadowCascades > 1)
+            {
+                Deferred_ToonEffect.ShadowMapTwo = ShadowRenderTargets[1];
+            }
+            if (NumShadowCascades > 2)
+            {
+                Deferred_ToonEffect.ShadowMapThree = ShadowRenderTargets[2];
+            }
+            if (NumShadowCascades > 3)
+            {
+                Deferred_ToonEffect.ShadowMapFour = ShadowRenderTargets[3];
+            }
+            
+            Deferred_ToonEffect.ViewMatrix = camera.View;
+
+            foreach (EffectPass pass in Deferred_ToonEffect.CurrentTechnique.Passes)
+            {
+                pass.Apply();
+                GraphicsDevice.SetVertexBuffer(FullscreenTriangle);
+                GraphicsDevice.DrawPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleList, 0, 1);
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void RenderDirectionalShadows(
+            PerspectiveCamera camera,
+            IEnumerable<(Model, Matrix)> modelTransforms,
+            DirectionalLight directionalLight,
+            ShadowCascadeEffect effect
+        ) {
+            // render the individual shadow cascades
+            var previousFarPlane = camera.NearPlane;
+            for (var i = 0; i < NumShadowCascades; i++)
+            {
+                var farPlane = camera.FarPlane / (MathHelper.Max((NumShadowCascades - i - 1) * 2f, 1f));
+
+                // divide the view frustum 
+                var shadowCamera = new PerspectiveCamera(
+                    camera.Position,
+                    camera.Forward,
+                    camera.Up,
+                    camera.FieldOfView,
+                    camera.AspectRatio,
+                    previousFarPlane,
+                    farPlane
+                );
+                
+                // TODO: This is tightly coupled to the effect and it sucks
+                RenderDirectionalShadowMap(shadowCamera, modelTransforms, directionalLight, effect, i);
+
+                effect.CascadeFarPlanes[i] = farPlane;
+                previousFarPlane = farPlane;
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void RenderDirectionalShadowMap(
             PerspectiveCamera camera, 
             IEnumerable<(Model, Matrix)> modelTransforms, 
             DirectionalLight directionalLight,
+            ShadowCascadeEffect effect,
             int shadowCascadeIndex
         ) {
             GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(ShadowRenderTargets[shadowCascadeIndex]);
@@ -357,23 +566,21 @@ namespace Kav
 
             if (shadowCascadeIndex == 0)
             {
-                DeferredDirectionalLightEffect.LightSpaceMatrixOne = lightSpaceMatrix;
+                effect.LightSpaceMatrixOne = lightSpaceMatrix;
             }
             else if (shadowCascadeIndex == 1)
             {
-                DeferredDirectionalLightEffect.LightSpaceMatrixTwo = lightSpaceMatrix;
+                effect.LightSpaceMatrixTwo = lightSpaceMatrix;
             }
             else if (shadowCascadeIndex == 2)
             {
-                DeferredDirectionalLightEffect.LightSpaceMatrixThree = lightSpaceMatrix;
+                effect.LightSpaceMatrixThree = lightSpaceMatrix;
             }
             else if (shadowCascadeIndex == 3)
             {
-                DeferredDirectionalLightEffect.LightSpaceMatrixFour = lightSpaceMatrix;
+                effect.LightSpaceMatrixFour = lightSpaceMatrix;
             }
 
-            DeferredDirectionalLightEffect.CascadeFarPlanes[shadowCascadeIndex] = camera.FarPlane;
-
             foreach (var (model, transform) in modelTransforms)
             {
                 foreach (var modelMesh in model.Meshes)
@@ -403,62 +610,98 @@ namespace Kav
             }
         }
 
-        public void Render(
+        private void RenderPointShadows(
-            PerspectiveCamera camera, 
+            PerspectiveCamera camera,
-            IEnumerable<(Model, Matrix)> modelTransforms, 
-            IEnumerable<PointLight> pointLights,
-            IEnumerable<DirectionalLight> directionalLights
-        ) {
-            Render(camera.View, camera.Projection, modelTransforms, pointLights, directionalLights);
-        }
-
-        private void Render(
-            Matrix view,
-            Matrix projection,
             IEnumerable<(Model, Matrix)> modelTransforms,
-            IEnumerable<PointLight> pointLights,
+            PointLight pointLight
-            IEnumerable<DirectionalLight> directionalLights
         ) {
-            foreach (var (model, transform) in modelTransforms)
+            GraphicsDevice.DepthStencilState = DepthStencilState.Default;
+            GraphicsDevice.BlendState = BlendState.Opaque;
+
+            LinearDepthEffect.Projection = Matrix.CreatePerspectiveFieldOfView(
+                MathHelper.PiOver2,
+                1,
+                0.1f,
+                25f // FIXME: magic value
+            );
+            LinearDepthEffect.FarPlane = 25f;
+            LinearDepthEffect.LightPosition = pointLight.Position;
+
+            foreach (CubeMapFace face in Enum.GetValues(typeof(CubeMapFace)))
             {
-                foreach (var modelMesh in model.Meshes)
+                GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(PointShadowCubeMap, face);
+
+                Vector3 targetDirection;
+                Vector3 targetUpDirection;
+                switch(face)
                 {
-                    foreach (var meshPart in modelMesh.MeshParts)
+                    case CubeMapFace.PositiveX:
+                        targetDirection = Vector3.Right;
+                        targetUpDirection = Vector3.Up;
+                        break;
+
+                    case CubeMapFace.NegativeX:
+                        targetDirection = Vector3.Left;
+                        targetUpDirection = Vector3.Up;
+                        break;
+
+                    case CubeMapFace.PositiveY:
+                        targetDirection = Vector3.Up;
+                        targetUpDirection = Vector3.Forward;
+                        break;
+
+                    case CubeMapFace.NegativeY:
+                        targetDirection = Vector3.Down;
+                        targetUpDirection = Vector3.Backward;
+                        break;
+
+                    case CubeMapFace.PositiveZ:
+                        targetDirection = Vector3.Backward;
+                        targetUpDirection = Vector3.Up;
+                        break;
+
+                    case CubeMapFace.NegativeZ:
+                        targetDirection = Vector3.Forward;
+                        targetUpDirection = Vector3.Up;
+                        break;
+
+                    default:
+                        targetDirection = Vector3.Right;
+                        targetUpDirection = Vector3.Up;
+                        break;
+                }
+
+                LinearDepthEffect.View = Matrix.CreateLookAt(
+                    pointLight.Position,
+                    pointLight.Position + targetDirection,
+                    targetUpDirection
+                );
+
+                foreach (var (model, transform) in modelTransforms)
+                {
+                    foreach (var modelMesh in model.Meshes)
                     {
-                        GraphicsDevice.SetVertexBuffer(meshPart.VertexBuffer);
+                        foreach (var meshPart in modelMesh.MeshParts)
-                        GraphicsDevice.Indices = meshPart.IndexBuffer;
-
-                        if (meshPart.Effect is TransformEffect transformEffect)
                         {
-                            transformEffect.World = transform;
+                            GraphicsDevice.SetVertexBuffer(meshPart.VertexBuffer);
-                            transformEffect.View = view;
+                            GraphicsDevice.Indices = meshPart.IndexBuffer;
-                            transformEffect.Projection = projection;
-                        }
 
-                        if (meshPart.Effect is PointLightEffect pointLightEffect)
+                            LinearDepthEffect.Model = transform;
-                        {
+
-                            int i = 0;
+                            foreach (var pass in LinearDepthEffect.CurrentTechnique.Passes)
-                            foreach (var pointLight in pointLights)
                             {
-                                if (i > pointLightEffect.MaxPointLights) { break; }
+                                pass.Apply();
-                                pointLightEffect.PointLights[i] = pointLight;
+
-                                i++;
+                                GraphicsDevice.DrawIndexedPrimitives(
+                                    PrimitiveType.TriangleList,
+                                    0,
+                                    0,
+                                    meshPart.VertexBuffer.VertexCount,
+                                    0,
+                                    meshPart.Triangles.Length
+                                );
                             }
                         }
-
-                        foreach (var pass in meshPart.Effect.CurrentTechnique.Passes)
-                        {
-                            pass.Apply();
-
-                            GraphicsDevice.DrawIndexedPrimitives(
-                                PrimitiveType.TriangleList,
-                                0,
-                                0,
-                                meshPart.VertexBuffer.VertexCount,
-                                0,
-                                meshPart.Triangles.Length
-                            );
-                        }
                     }
                 }
             }

Resources.cs

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ namespace Kav
             {
                 if (ambientLightEffect == null)
                 {
-                    ambientLightEffect = GetResource("DeferredPBR_AmbientLightEffect");
+                    ambientLightEffect = GetResource("DeferredPBR_AmbientLightEffect.fxb");
                 }
                 return ambientLightEffect;
             }
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ namespace Kav
             {
                 if (pointLightEffect == null)
                 {
-                    pointLightEffect = GetResource("DeferredPBR_PointLightEffect");
+                    pointLightEffect = GetResource("DeferredPBR_PointLightEffect.fxb");
                 }
                 return pointLightEffect;
             }
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ namespace Kav
             {
                 if (directionalLightEffect == null)
                 {
-                    directionalLightEffect = GetResource("DeferredPBR_DirectionalLightEffect");
+                    directionalLightEffect = GetResource("DeferredPBR_DirectionalLightEffect.fxb");
                 }
                 return directionalLightEffect;
             }
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ namespace Kav
             {
                 if (gBufferEffect == null)
                 {
-                    gBufferEffect = GetResource("DeferredPBR_GBufferEffect");
+                    gBufferEffect = GetResource("DeferredPBR_GBufferEffect.fxb");
                 }
                 return gBufferEffect;
             }
@@ -57,19 +57,31 @@ namespace Kav
             {
                 if (toneMapEffect == null)
                 {
-                    toneMapEffect = GetResource("ToneMapEffect");
+                    toneMapEffect = GetResource("ToneMapEffect.fxb");
                 }
                 return toneMapEffect;
             }
         }
 
+        public static byte[] Deferred_ToonEffect
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                if (deferredToonEffect == null)
+                {
+                    deferredToonEffect = GetResource("Deferred_ToonEffect.fxb");
+                }
+                return deferredToonEffect;
+            }
+        }
+
         public static byte[] DeferredPBREffect
         {
             get
             {
                 if (deferredPBREffect == null)
                 {
-                    deferredPBREffect = GetResource("DeferredPBREffect");
+                    deferredPBREffect = GetResource("DeferredPBREffect.fxb");
                 }
                 return deferredPBREffect;
             }
@@ -81,7 +93,7 @@ namespace Kav
             {
                 if (pbrEffect == null)
                 {
-                    pbrEffect = GetResource("PBREffect");
+                    pbrEffect = GetResource("PBREffect.fxb");
                 }
                 return pbrEffect;
             }
@@ -93,25 +105,66 @@ namespace Kav
             {
                 if (simpleDepthEffect == null)
                 {
-                    simpleDepthEffect = GetResource("SimpleDepthEffect");
+                    simpleDepthEffect = GetResource("SimpleDepthEffect.fxb");
                 }
                 return simpleDepthEffect;
             }
         }
 
+        public static byte[] LinearDepthEffect
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                if (linearDepthEffect == null)
+                {
+                    linearDepthEffect = GetResource("LinearDepthEffect.fxb");
+                }
+                return linearDepthEffect;
+            }
+        }
+
+        public static byte[] SkyboxEffect
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                if (skyboxEffect == null)
+                {
+                    skyboxEffect = GetResource("SkyboxEffect.fxb");
+                }
+                return skyboxEffect;
+            }
+        }
+
+        public static byte[] UnitCubeModel
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                if (unitCubeModel == null)
+                {
+                    unitCubeModel = GetResource("UnitCube.glb");
+                }
+                return unitCubeModel;
+            }
+        }
+
         private static byte[] ambientLightEffect;
         private static byte[] pointLightEffect;
         private static byte[] directionalLightEffect;
         private static byte[] gBufferEffect;
         private static byte[] toneMapEffect;
+        private static byte[] deferredToonEffect;
         private static byte[] deferredPBREffect;
         private static byte[] pbrEffect;
         private static byte[] simpleDepthEffect;
+        private static byte[] linearDepthEffect;
+        private static byte[] skyboxEffect;
+
+        private static byte[] unitCubeModel;
 
         private static byte[] GetResource(string name)
         {
             Stream stream = typeof(Resources).Assembly.GetManifestResourceStream(
-                "Kav.Resources." + name + ".fxb"
+                "Kav.Resources." + name
             );
             using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
             {