resource management and logging improvements

src/Game.cs

@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ namespace MoonWorks
 
 			if (SDL.SDL_Init(SDL.SDL_INIT_VIDEO | SDL.SDL_INIT_TIMER | SDL.SDL_INIT_GAMECONTROLLER) < 0)
 			{
-				System.Console.WriteLine("Failed to initialize SDL!");
+				Logger.LogError("Failed to initialize SDL!");
 				return;
 			}
 
@@ -235,6 +235,8 @@ namespace MoonWorks
 
 				Draw(alpha);
 				accumulatedDrawTime -= FramerateCapTimeSpan;
+
+				GraphicsDevice.FlushEmergencyDisposalQueue();
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -338,14 +340,14 @@ namespace MoonWorks
 			var index = evt.cdevice.which;
 			if (SDL.SDL_IsGameController(index) == SDL.SDL_bool.SDL_TRUE)
 			{
-				System.Console.WriteLine($"New controller detected!");
+				Logger.LogInfo("New controller detected!");
 				Inputs.AddGamepad(index);
 			}
 		}
 
 		private void HandleControllerRemoved(SDL.SDL_Event evt)
 		{
-			System.Console.WriteLine($"Controller removal detected!");
+			Logger.LogInfo("Controller removal detected!");
 			Inputs.RemoveGamepad(evt.cdevice.which);
 		}
 

src/Graphics/FencePool.cs

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Collections.Concurrent;
 
 namespace MoonWorks.Graphics
 {
 	internal class FencePool
 	{
 		private GraphicsDevice GraphicsDevice;
-		private Queue<Fence> Fences = new Queue<Fence>();
+		private ConcurrentQueue<Fence> Fences = new ConcurrentQueue<Fence>();
 
 		public FencePool(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice)
 		{
@@ -14,12 +14,14 @@ namespace MoonWorks.Graphics
 
 		public Fence Obtain()
 		{
-			if (Fences.Count == 0)
+			if (Fences.TryDequeue(out var fence))
+			{
+				return fence;
+			}
+			else
 			{
 				return new Fence(GraphicsDevice);
 			}
-
-			return Fences.Dequeue();
 		}
 
 		public void Return(Fence fence)

src/Graphics/GraphicsDevice.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 using System;
+using System.Collections.Concurrent;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.IO;
 using RefreshCS;
@@ -87,6 +88,12 @@ namespace MoonWorks.Graphics
 		/// <returns>True if successfully claimed.</returns>
 		public bool ClaimWindow(Window window, PresentMode presentMode)
 		{
+			if (window.Claimed)
+			{
+				Logger.LogError("Window already claimed!");
+				return false;
+			}
+
 			var success = Conversions.ByteToBool(
 				Refresh.Refresh_ClaimWindow(
 					Handle,
@@ -101,7 +108,7 @@ namespace MoonWorks.Graphics
 				window.SwapchainFormat = GetSwapchainFormat(window);
 				if (window.SwapchainTexture == null)
 				{
-					window.SwapchainTexture = new Texture(this, IntPtr.Zero, window.SwapchainFormat, 0, 0);
+					window.SwapchainTexture = new Texture(this);
 				}
 			}
 
@@ -113,11 +120,19 @@ namespace MoonWorks.Graphics
 		/// </summary>
 		public void UnclaimWindow(Window window)
 		{
-			Refresh.Refresh_UnclaimWindow(
-				Handle,
-				window.Handle
-			);
-			window.Claimed = false;
+			if (window.Claimed)
+			{
+				Refresh.Refresh_UnclaimWindow(
+					Handle,
+					window.Handle
+				);
+				window.Claimed = false;
+
+				// The swapchain texture doesn't actually have a permanent texture reference, so we zero the handle before disposing.
+				window.SwapchainTexture.Handle = IntPtr.Zero;
+				window.SwapchainTexture.Dispose();
+				window.SwapchainTexture = null;
+			}
 		}
 
 		/// <summary>
@@ -129,6 +144,7 @@ namespace MoonWorks.Graphics
 		{
 			if (!window.Claimed)
 			{
+				Logger.LogError("Cannot set present mode on unclaimed window!");
 				return;
 			}
 
@@ -338,6 +354,21 @@ namespace MoonWorks.Graphics
 			}
 		}
 
+		ConcurrentQueue<GraphicsResourceDisposalHandle> emergencyDisposalQueue = new ConcurrentQueue<GraphicsResourceDisposalHandle>();
+
+		internal void RegisterForEmergencyDisposal(GraphicsResourceDisposalHandle handle)
+		{
+			emergencyDisposalQueue.Enqueue(handle);
+		}
+
+		internal void FlushEmergencyDisposalQueue()
+		{
+			while (emergencyDisposalQueue.TryDequeue(out var handle))
+			{
+				handle.Dispose(this);
+			}
+		}
+
 		protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
 		{
 			if (!IsDisposed)
@@ -359,6 +390,8 @@ namespace MoonWorks.Graphics
 					Refresh.Refresh_DestroyDevice(Handle);
 				}
 
+				FlushEmergencyDisposalQueue();
+
 				IsDisposed = true;
 			}
 		}

src/Graphics/GraphicsResource.cs

@@ -16,23 +16,31 @@ namespace MoonWorks.Graphics
 		{
 			Device = device;
 
-			if (trackResource)
+			weakReference = new WeakReference<GraphicsResource>(this);
+			Device.AddResourceReference(weakReference);
+		}
+
+		internal GraphicsResourceDisposalHandle CreateDisposalHandle()
 			{
-				weakReference = new WeakReference<GraphicsResource>(this);
-				Device.AddResourceReference(weakReference);
-			}
+			return new GraphicsResourceDisposalHandle
+			{
+				QueueDestroyAction = QueueDestroyFunction,
+				ResourceHandle = Handle
+			};
 		}
 
 		protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
 		{
 			if (!IsDisposed)
 			{
-				if (weakReference != null)
+				if (Handle != IntPtr.Zero)
 				{
 					QueueDestroyFunction(Device.Handle, Handle);
 					Device.RemoveResourceReference(weakReference);
 					weakReference.SetTarget(null);
+
 					weakReference = null;
+					Handle = IntPtr.Zero;
 				}
 
 				IsDisposed = true;
@@ -41,8 +49,19 @@ namespace MoonWorks.Graphics
 
 		~GraphicsResource()
 		{
-			// Do not change this code. Put cleanup code in 'Dispose(bool disposing)' method
-			Dispose(disposing: false);
+			#if DEBUG
+			if (!IsDisposed && Device != null && !Device.IsDisposed)
+			{
+				// If you see this log message, you leaked a graphics resource without disposing it!
+				// This means your game may eventually run out of native memory for mysterious reasons.
+				Logger.LogWarn($"A resource of type {GetType().Name} was not Disposed.");
+			}
+			#endif
+
+			// While we only log in debug builds, in both debug and release builds we want to free
+			// any native resources associated with this object at the earliest opportunity.
+			// This will at least prevent you from running out of memory rapidly.
+			Device.RegisterForEmergencyDisposal(CreateDisposalHandle());
 		}
 
 		public void Dispose()

src/Graphics/GraphicsResourceDisposalHandle.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+using System;
+
+namespace MoonWorks.Graphics
+{
+    // This allows us to defer native disposal calls from the finalizer thread.
+    internal struct GraphicsResourceDisposalHandle
+    {
+	    internal Action<IntPtr, IntPtr> QueueDestroyAction;
+		internal IntPtr ResourceHandle;
+
+		public void Dispose(GraphicsDevice device)
+		{
+			if (device == null)
+			{
+				throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(device));
+			}
+
+			if (QueueDestroyAction == null)
+			{
+				return;
+			}
+
+			QueueDestroyAction(device.Handle, ResourceHandle);
+		}
+    }
+}

src/Graphics/Resources/Fence.cs

@@ -12,9 +12,9 @@ namespace MoonWorks.Graphics
 	/// </summary>
 	public class Fence : GraphicsResource
 	{
-		protected override Action<nint, nint> QueueDestroyFunction => Release;
+		protected override Action<nint, nint> QueueDestroyFunction => Refresh.Refresh_ReleaseFence;
 
-		internal Fence(GraphicsDevice device) : base(device, true)
+		internal Fence(GraphicsDevice device) : base(device)
 		{
 		}
 
@@ -22,14 +22,5 @@ namespace MoonWorks.Graphics
 		{
 			Handle = handle;
 		}
-
-		private void Release(nint deviceHandle, nint fenceHandle)
-		{
-			if (fenceHandle != IntPtr.Zero)
-			{
-				// This will only be called if the client forgot to release a handle. Oh no!
-				Refresh.Refresh_ReleaseFence(deviceHandle, fenceHandle);
-			}
-		}
 	}
 }

src/Graphics/Resources/Texture.cs

@@ -303,18 +303,14 @@ namespace MoonWorks.Graphics
 		// Used by AcquireSwapchainTexture.
 		// Should not be tracked, because swapchain textures are managed by Vulkan.
 		internal Texture(
-			GraphicsDevice device,
-			IntPtr handle,
-			TextureFormat format,
-			uint width,
-			uint height
-		) : base(device, false)
+			GraphicsDevice device
+		) : base(device)
 		{
-			Handle = handle;
+			Handle = IntPtr.Zero;
 
-			Format = format;
-			Width = width;
-			Height = height;
+			Format = TextureFormat.R8G8B8A8;
+			Width = 0;
+			Height = 0;
 			Depth = 1;
 			IsCube = false;
 			LevelCount = 1;

src/Input/Input.cs

@@ -119,19 +119,19 @@ namespace MoonWorks.Input
 					var openResult = SDL.SDL_GameControllerOpen(index);
 					if (openResult == 0)
 					{
-						System.Console.WriteLine($"Error opening gamepad!");
-						System.Console.WriteLine(SDL.SDL_GetError());
+						Logger.LogError("Error opening gamepad!");
+						Logger.LogError(SDL.SDL_GetError());
 					}
 					else
 					{
 						Gamepads[slot].Register(openResult);
-						System.Console.WriteLine($"Gamepad added to slot {slot}!");
+						Logger.LogInfo($"Gamepad added to slot {slot}!");
 					}
 					return;
 				}
 			}
 
-			System.Console.WriteLine("Too many gamepads already!");
+			Logger.LogInfo("Too many gamepads already!");
 		}
 
 		internal void RemoveGamepad(int joystickInstanceID)
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ namespace MoonWorks.Input
 				{
 					SDL.SDL_GameControllerClose(Gamepads[slot].Handle);
 					Gamepads[slot].Unregister();
-					System.Console.WriteLine($"Removing gamepad from slot {slot}!");
+					Logger.LogInfo($"Removing gamepad from slot {slot}!");
 					return;
 				}
 			}

src/Logger.cs

@@ -5,9 +5,9 @@ namespace MoonWorks
 {
 	public static class Logger
 	{
-		public static Action<string> LogInfo;
-		public static Action<string> LogWarn;
-		public static Action<string> LogError;
+		public static Action<string> LogInfo = LogInfoDefault;
+		public static Action<string> LogWarn = LogWarnDefault;
+		public static Action<string> LogError = LogErrorDefault;
 
 		private static RefreshCS.Refresh.Refresh_LogFunc LogInfoFunc = RefreshLogInfo;
 		private static RefreshCS.Refresh.Refresh_LogFunc LogWarnFunc = RefreshLogWarn;
@@ -15,19 +15,6 @@ namespace MoonWorks
 
 		internal static void Initialize()
 		{
-			if (Logger.LogInfo == null)
-			{
-				Logger.LogInfo = Console.WriteLine;
-			}
-			if (Logger.LogWarn == null)
-			{
-				Logger.LogWarn = Console.WriteLine;
-			}
-			if (Logger.LogError == null)
-			{
-				Logger.LogError = Console.WriteLine;
-			}
-
 			Refresh.Refresh_HookLogFunctions(
 				LogInfoFunc,
 				LogWarnFunc,
@@ -35,6 +22,30 @@ namespace MoonWorks
 			);
 		}
 
+		private static void LogInfoDefault(string str)
+		{
+			Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Green;
+			Console.Write("INFO: ");
+			Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.White;
+			Console.WriteLine(str);
+		}
+
+		private static void LogWarnDefault(string str)
+		{
+			Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Yellow;
+			Console.Write("WARN: ");
+			Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.White;
+			Console.WriteLine(str);
+		}
+
+		private static void LogErrorDefault(string str)
+		{
+			Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Red;
+			Console.Write("ERROR: ");
+			Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.White;
+			Console.WriteLine(str);
+		}
+
 		private static void RefreshLogInfo(IntPtr msg)
 		{
 			LogInfo(UTF8_ToManaged(msg));

src/Window.cs

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ namespace MoonWorks
 		public ScreenMode ScreenMode { get; private set; }
 		public uint Width { get; private set; }
 		public uint Height { get; private set; }
-		internal Texture SwapchainTexture { get; set; } = null;
+		internal Texture SwapchainTexture { get; set; }
 
 		public bool Claimed { get; internal set; }
 		public MoonWorks.Graphics.TextureFormat SwapchainFormat { get; internal set; }