using System;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;

namespace MoonTools.ECS
{
	// WELLRNG512
	// https://stackoverflow.com/a/1227137
	public class Random
	{
		public const int STATE_BYTE_COUNT = 68; // 16 state ints + 1 index int

		uint[] State = new uint[16];
		uint Index = 0;
		uint Seed;

		public Random()
		{
			Init((uint) Environment.TickCount);
		}

		public void Init(uint seed)
		{
			Seed = seed;
			uint s = seed;
			for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++)
			{
				s = (((s * 214013 + 2531011) >> 16) & 0x7fffffff) | 0;
				State[i] = ~ ~s; //i ;
			}
			Index = 0;
		}

		public uint GetSeed()
		{
			return Seed;
		}

		public string PrintState()
		{
			var s = "";
			for (var i = 0; i < 16; i += 1)
			{
				s += State[i];
			}
			s += Index;
			return s;
		}

		// expects a span of STATE_BYTE_COUNT bytes
		public unsafe void SaveState(Span<byte> bytes)
		{
			#if DEBUG
			if (bytes.Length < STATE_BYTE_COUNT)
			{
				throw new ArgumentException("Byte span too short!");
			}
			#endif

			fixed (byte* ptr = bytes)
			{
				var offset = 0;
				for (var i = 0; i < 16; i += 1)
				{
					Unsafe.Write(ptr + offset, State[i]);
					offset += 4;
				}

				Unsafe.Write(ptr + offset, Index);
			}
		}

		// expects a span of STATE_BYTE_COUNT bytes
		public unsafe void LoadState(Span<byte> bytes)
		{
			#if DEBUG
			if (bytes.Length < STATE_BYTE_COUNT)
			{
				throw new ArgumentException("Byte span too short!");
			}
			#endif

			fixed (byte* ptr = bytes)
			{
				var offset = 0;

				for (var i = 0; i < 16; i += 1)
				{
					State[i] = Unsafe.Read<uint>(ptr + offset);
					offset += 4;
				}

				Index = Unsafe.Read<uint>(ptr + offset);
			}
		}

		private uint NextInternal()
		{
			uint a, b, c, d;
			a = State[Index];
			c = State[(Index+13)&15];
			b = a^c^(a<<16)^(c<<15);
			c = State[(Index+9)&15];
			c ^= (c>>11);
			a = State[Index] = b^c;
			d = (uint) (a ^((a<<5)&0xDA442D24UL));
			Index = (Index + 15)&15;
			a = State[Index];
			State[Index] = a^b^d^(a<<2)^(b<<18)^(c<<28);
			return State[Index];
		}

		// .NET Random API always returns a non-negative signed int. Fun!
		public int Next()
		{
			return (int) (NextInternal() >>> 1); // unsigned bitshift right to get rid of signed bit
		}

		public int Next(int n)
		{
			return (int) (((double) Next()) * n / int.MaxValue);
		}

		public int Next(int min, int max)
		{
			var diff = max - min;
			var next = Next(diff);
			return min + next;
		}

		public long NextInt64()
		{
			long next = NextInternal();
			next <<= 32;
			next |= NextInternal();
			next >>>= 1;
			return next;
		}

		public long NextInt64(long n)
		{
			var next = NextInt64();
			return (long) (((double) next) * n / long.MaxValue);
		}

		public long NextInt64(long min, long max)
		{
			var diff = max - min;
			var next = NextInt64(diff);
			return min + next;
		}

		public float NextFloat()
		{
			var n = NextInternal();
			return ((float) n) / uint.MaxValue;
		}

		public double NextDouble()
		{
			var n = NextInternal();
			return ((double) n) / uint.MaxValue;
		}
	}
}